USA ( UNITED STATES OF AMERICA)

The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states and one federal district (Washington D.C.), the federal district being the capital city. 48 of the states lie in the main body of the country with Alaska, to the west of Canada , and Hawaii in the pacific ocean. The indigenous peoples of America, now referred to as "Native Americans", were thought to have descended from peoples from Asia who came to the area around 10,000 BCE. European settlers came after Colombus in 1492. independence was achieved in 1776, when 13 British colonies declared independence and constituted themselves as The United States of America. The United States annexed the Republic of Texas in 1845 and the secession of California and the south west after the Mexican-american  war of 1848. In 1860, 7 pro slavery states left to constitute the Confederate states of America. Another 4 states joined the confederates when the American civil war started in 1861. At the start of World War I, The USA was neutral until joining the Allies in 1917. Again in WWII, USA started neutral and joined the allies after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in 1941. After WWII, Russia and The USA led two world organisations, NATO and the Warsaw Pact,  in the Cold War.

Monetary Unit:

1 Dollar = 100 Cents

The 3 notes above are ; the 10 Dollar note from the 1990 series with Alexander Hamilton, 1st US secretary of the treasury. the reverse has the Treasury Building. The 1988, 5 Dollar note, with Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the USA on the front and the Lincoln memorial on the reverse.
The 1 Dollar note from 2003 has George Washington, 1st president of the USA, on the front and has the Great Seal on the reverse.

This fragile note above is from 1863 and is a 50 cent note issued by the Confederate States of America. It is uni face and has a side view of President Jefferson Davis on the front , the back of course, is blank.